Diatom | iban_g_g
Phagocytosis
Specialized immune cells such as macrophages internalize and destroy bacteria to fight infections. This process, called phagocytosis is a key part of the innate mammalian immune system.When an invading bacterium binds to the membrane of a macrophage, the cell membrane starts to wrap around the invader and internalizes the pathogen. This process was so far mainly investigated by conventional light and electron microscopy, which provide primarily kinematic and structural information. However, the mechanical properties of this process, described by the physical forces and energies involved are still barely known.
We investigate the mechanics of the phagocytic machinery by using optical tweezers in combination with live cell microscopy. We found that filopodia, thin spike-like cell protrusions act as cellular tentacles during phagocytosis: a few seconds after binding to a particle, filopodia retract and pull the bound particle toward the cell. This retraction is f-actin dependent and has a mean step size of 36 nm. The force-velocity relationship of this filopodial retraction is in agreement with the kinetics of an ensemble of multiple motors.
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A Night and Day on The East Coast of Reunion Island
I discovered this lovely place last weekend on the east coast of Reunion Island. It was evident that I had to go back at night, despite the 30-minute walk through the forest to access the site. Unfortunately, the weather was not very favorable … Arrived around 21h on the spot, I waited patiently hoping for a thinning … which finally arrived around midnight. 10 minutes, no more, to take the shot. — Luc Perrot
thank you, NASA (and skywalker sound)
[reblob, plz?]
Hey y’all, so after many years of just trying to deal, I’m trying to raise money for transition-related costs in my life in hopes that I will be a lot less miserable in my body. I know that most of you have probably heard me be critical of people who ask for money for…
Luna is super fucking awesome. Please help her out.